| Hatti and Hurrian civilization | 2500 – 2000 B.C. |
| Troy – II Settlement | 2500 – 2000 B.C. |
| Hatti and Hittite Periods | 2000 – 1750 B.C. |
| Great Hittite Kingdom | 1750 – 1200 B.C. |
| Troy – VI Civilization | 1800 – 1275 B.C. |
| Aegean migration from Balkans | 1200 B.C. |
| The Anatolian | 1200 – 700 B.C. |
| Urartu civilization | 900 – 600 B.C. |
| Phrygia civilization | 750 – 300 B.C. |
| Lydia, Caria, Lycia civilizations | 700 – 300 B.C. |
| Ionian civilization | 1050 – 300 B.C. |
| Persian conquest | 545 – 333 B.C. |
| Hellenistic and Roman age | 333 B.C. – 395 A.D. |
| Byzantine civilization | 330 – 1453 A.D. |
| Seljuk civilization | 1071 – 1300 A.D. |
| Ottomans | 1299 – 1923 A.D. |
| The Turkish Republic | 1923 – present |